This article is a bit of a Frankenstein monster. There are too many possible target audiences for ML blogs and it seems like this post made an attempt to please everybody. This isn't a condemnation of the author, its just an impossible task.
1. Experienced ML practitioners will be unimpressed with the ML task generally (simple problem, no comparison with common models, no use of common dataset, no lit review) and wish that there was more detail in model design.
2. Inexperienced ML practitioners will be happy with the birds-eye view of NLP tasks but wish there were more implementation details.
3. Potential clients (non-technical) will get lost in the details/lingo and wish there were case studies or a vision of what this service can accomplish for them/their business.
4. Potential clients (technical) and SWEs will wish they got a better look at the GUI, got an explanation of the stack, and wonder about APIs/integration with whatever it is they already do.
Perhaps this might explain why literally every other comment at the time I'm writing this is asking for additional details. Pick one or two!
aledalgrande 1374 days ago [-]
5. CIOs will be ecstatic and go tell their team that they have to do NLP
jointpdf 1374 days ago [-]
For those interested in related/alternative approaches, one or more of the following established open-source libraries might appeal to you:
- AllenNLP (many pretrained NLP research models for tasks beyond text classification, model training and serving, visualization/interpretability utilities): https://github.com/allenai/allennlp
- Spacy (tokenization, NER/POS + tagging visualizer, pretrained word vectors, integration with DL models): https://github.com/allenai/allennlp
- ...or a barebones “from scratch” solution in less than an hour with a Colab notebook and scikit-learn (preprocess text into tf-idf vectors, LSA/NMF to generate “document embeddings”, visualize embeddings with t-SNE/UMAP [facilitates weak supervision/active learning], classify with LogReg/RF/SVM/whatever). You could also tack on pretrained gensim/TF/PyTorch models quite easily as a next step. But this basic flow quickly gives you a handle on your corpus.
Kill the LSA/NMF middle-man and use UMAP directly. It supports sparse (tf-idf) vectors.
jointpdf 1374 days ago [-]
True, good point. That may be better for classification performance. But at least for visualization and interpretability purposes using NMF is extremely simple and versatile (e.g. you can induce sparsity in the representation, setting the rank to be artificially low can cause high-level structure to “pop out”). That is, it gives you a few more knobs to turn than UMAP alone.
nxpnsv 1374 days ago [-]
Spacy link is for allennlp!
jointpdf 1374 days ago [-]
Oops good catch. I should really stop writing posts on my phone. That’s especially sad since their docs are so good. I can’t edit it now, but: https://spacy.io/usage/spacy-101
Bonus—An excellent interactive Spacy course from Ines Montani (also includes a template to build similar courses!):
https://github.com/ines/spacy-course
sixhobbits 1374 days ago [-]
The title makes it sound like they talk about how they did it so efficiently.
But all the info we get about that is
"The last step was to combine the four binary models into one multiclass model, as explained in the previous section, and use it to classify 1M new documents automatically. To do this, we simply went on the UI and uploaded a new list of documents."
Great intro to NLP article, but very light on the actual implementation details and dataset.
rezamoaiandin 1374 days ago [-]
Given that is of interest, I'll do a follow up on the implementation details and dataset!
elbigbad 1374 days ago [-]
Same, very interested. Cool intro to NLP, but those are easy to come by. Some implementation details and perhaps some code to reproduce would be amazing.
55555 1374 days ago [-]
Can you explain what you actually... did? What were the four categories? How did your client make money from this?
mobilio 1374 days ago [-]
I also would like to take a look on code and all input files.
micdr0p 1374 days ago [-]
Would also love if you could share code & data!
sixhobbits 1374 days ago [-]
very interested!
swayson 1374 days ago [-]
This reminded me of a great OSS tool I discovered the other data for data labelling. It is called Label Studio (https://labelstud.io/playground/) and support quite a variety of different task formats. Works well
Disclaimer: No affiliation, only sharing for those who are curious
yunusabd 1374 days ago [-]
I agree with the other posters that the intro to NLP part is unnecessary. It reads like those recipe websites where they tell you their whole life story before the actual recipe. I get that it's good for SEO, but it's still annoying to read.
Did you try other solutions like ULMFiT [1]? Seems like the exact use case for that. Although it might be overkill for just 4 categories.
Interesting, if you end up writing a follow-up article, it would be nice to include this kind of information, and why you (seem to have) decided against using ULMFiT in this case.
pmayrgundter 1374 days ago [-]
Glad to see work like this being shared!
There are some well known text classification datasets, e.g. the Reuters news dataset from David Lewis of Bell Labs:
Here's a result from ReelTwo's Classification System circa 2003 (Based on a bayesian learner; related to the U Waikato WEKA ML system) if you'd be up for comparison:
10 categories
2,535 documents
15 build time (~170 docs/sec; these were short news abstracts; see pdf for example)
0.9121 F-measure
Build Time is the time to load, model and evaluate (using Leave-One-Out evaluation) a dataset on a WinXP/1GHz Celeron/256MB computer. F-Measure is the micro-averaged F-Measure across all categories in the dataset.
ashish01 1374 days ago [-]
I guess it’s cool. It will be interesting to compare this with using fasttext as a baseline for classification.
kgarten 1374 days ago [-]
Maybe off topic ... Is Stanford ML expert some type of accreditation? How do you become a Stanford ML expert? :) Attending the (excellent) Stanford ML online course on Machine Learning or do I have to read an ML book on Stanford Campus?
whymauri 1374 days ago [-]
They have masters degrees from Stanford. I agree it's a bizarre accredidation since they have a few years of industry experience otherwise, which is, IMO, more relevant.
kgarten 1374 days ago [-]
Agreed. I also value the industry experience more ... I can remember a couple of years ago Stanford faculty complaining at a conference social that they cannot find good candidates for academic positions as Google and Facebook will hire them.
blackbear_ 1374 days ago [-]
I wonder what classifier was used (assume neural network-based, given the figures), and how that compares to a simple baseline that uses bag-of-words, such as a linear model or naive Bayes. The examples look easy enough to be classified by matching keywords.
rezamoaiandin 1374 days ago [-]
We used a shallow neural network. The main challenge at Sculpt wasn't the modelling part, but rather the whole UX (active learning to speed up the training process, explainability, easily get predictions, etc). So it's true that a relatively simple model performs well, and actually having an efficient / shallow network also helps make the active learning pipeline fast for the user.
blackbear_ 1374 days ago [-]
Thanks! The dashboard looks like a nice piece of work indeed.
josephjrobison 1374 days ago [-]
Is Sculpt AI available for public use? I see sculptintel.com is down.
rezamoaiandin 1374 days ago [-]
SculptAI is currently available to selected customers of SALT. But happy to discuss if you would like access. Please get in touch with us
_Microft 1374 days ago [-]
"This article has been written by Sculpt AI [...] in collaboration with Reza [Article’s author]",
so we now use tools to write longer articles faster only to later feed them into tl;dr-bots/summarizers to get the gist without having to read all of it. ;)
wyldfire 1374 days ago [-]
This sentence was confusingly worded. It means that the corporation/entity "Sculpt AI" wrote the article AFAICT -- specifically the humans who founded the corporation. I do not believe the article was written by machine.
If it was hard for humans to understand that, just imagine how difficult it would be for NLP to understand it. :)
Rendered at 02:16:50 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) with Vercel.
1. Experienced ML practitioners will be unimpressed with the ML task generally (simple problem, no comparison with common models, no use of common dataset, no lit review) and wish that there was more detail in model design.
2. Inexperienced ML practitioners will be happy with the birds-eye view of NLP tasks but wish there were more implementation details.
3. Potential clients (non-technical) will get lost in the details/lingo and wish there were case studies or a vision of what this service can accomplish for them/their business.
4. Potential clients (technical) and SWEs will wish they got a better look at the GUI, got an explanation of the stack, and wonder about APIs/integration with whatever it is they already do.
Perhaps this might explain why literally every other comment at the time I'm writing this is asking for additional details. Pick one or two!
- Snorkel (training data curation, weak supervision, heuristic labeling functions, uncertainty sampling, relation extraction): https://github.com/snorkel-team/snorkel
- AllenNLP (many pretrained NLP research models for tasks beyond text classification, model training and serving, visualization/interpretability utilities): https://github.com/allenai/allennlp
- Spacy (tokenization, NER/POS + tagging visualizer, pretrained word vectors, integration with DL models): https://github.com/allenai/allennlp
-huggingface Transformers (latest and greatest pretrained models, e.g. BERT): https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
- ...or a barebones “from scratch” solution in less than an hour with a Colab notebook and scikit-learn (preprocess text into tf-idf vectors, LSA/NMF to generate “document embeddings”, visualize embeddings with t-SNE/UMAP [facilitates weak supervision/active learning], classify with LogReg/RF/SVM/whatever). You could also tack on pretrained gensim/TF/PyTorch models quite easily as a next step. But this basic flow quickly gives you a handle on your corpus.
By the way, the docs for DeepDive (the predecessor of Snorkel) are some amazingly detailed background reading: http://deepdive.stanford.edu/example-spouse
I've tried multiple times (although mostly with DeepDive) and it was pretty complicated to get to do anything outside the demos.
The Spacy link is here BTW: https://spacy.io/
Bonus—An excellent interactive Spacy course from Ines Montani (also includes a template to build similar courses!): https://github.com/ines/spacy-course
But all the info we get about that is
"The last step was to combine the four binary models into one multiclass model, as explained in the previous section, and use it to classify 1M new documents automatically. To do this, we simply went on the UI and uploaded a new list of documents."
Great intro to NLP article, but very light on the actual implementation details and dataset.
Disclaimer: No affiliation, only sharing for those who are curious
Did you try other solutions like ULMFiT [1]? Seems like the exact use case for that. Although it might be overkill for just 4 categories.
[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.06146
There are some well known text classification datasets, e.g. the Reuters news dataset from David Lewis of Bell Labs:
More background here: Here's a result from ReelTwo's Classification System circa 2003 (Based on a bayesian learner; related to the U Waikato WEKA ML system) if you'd be up for comparison: 10 categories 2,535 documents 15 build time (~170 docs/sec; these were short news abstracts; see pdf for example) 0.9121 F-measureBuild Time is the time to load, model and evaluate (using Leave-One-Out evaluation) a dataset on a WinXP/1GHz Celeron/256MB computer. F-Measure is the micro-averaged F-Measure across all categories in the dataset.
If it was hard for humans to understand that, just imagine how difficult it would be for NLP to understand it. :)